Casting-machine.



A. W. MORRIS.

CASTING MACHINE. N APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. I914. RENEWED NOV. 9I l9I6.1 3,@6m PatentedSept. 11,1917

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A. WQMORRIS.

CASTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. 1914. RENEWED NOV. 9.1916.

Patented Sept. 11, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. W. MORRIS.

CASTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. I9I4- RENEWED NOV. 9. I9I6.

Patented Sept. 11, 1917.

4 SHEETSSHEEI' 3.

. JWZEI W 14f. M

A. W. MORRIS.

CASTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 8.1914. RENEWED NOV- 9. 1916.

191?. 4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

IIIIIIIIIIIII Patented Sept. 11,

units earns are men- AIJBERT W. MORRIS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,ASSIG-NOR TO MORRIS PROCESS OF NEW YORK, INCORPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N.'Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW- YORK.

CASTING-MACHINE.

aasasoe.

Application filed May 8, 1914, Serial No. 837,139.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, ALBERT W. Monnis, a citizen of the United States,residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certainImprovements in Casting-Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to a machine for casting under, pressure articlesof metal, glass, alloy, composition, or the like. In the case of ametalcasting machine, the ob jects of my invention are to insure themaintenance of the metal in a molten condition and provide for the freeflow of the same into the mold; to prevent the possibility of injury tothe attendant by contact with molten metal from the machine, and to reduce oxidation of the molten metal and to indicate the temperature ofthe metal at all times. In thecase of a general casting ma chine, theobjects are to prevent incoming volumes 'of air under pressure fromagitating the mass; to provide for the opening of the mold and theejecting of a casting therefrom as the mold moves from the casting tothe delivery position; to provide for the automatic withdrawal of thecore from the mold as the latter approaches the open= -position, toinsure such interlocking of the various operating parts of the machineas to prevent operation of one part until the other parts are in properpositionfor such operation, and generally to effect the operation of themachine without the employment of highly skilled labor.

Ilhese objects I attain in the following manner, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which I have illustrated my invention asapplied to a metal castingmachine, although it should be un derstoodthat it is available for casting any material which is, at the time thecasting is made, in a fluid state, or, if plastic, suiticiently so toflow under pressure.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side view of the machine showing thevarious parts in the positions assumed by them when the mold is open;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the parts in the position assumed bythem when the mold is closed and applied to the nozzle for Specificationof Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. Ill, 1917. Renewed November 9, 1916. Serial No. 130,471.

receiving its discharge of molten metal therefrom;

Fig. 3 is a view partly in central vertical section and partly inelevation looking from the left hand side of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 0-0, Fig. 3;

, Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line dd, Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line ee, Fig. 2;

Y Fig. 7 is an enlarged section of the lower portion of the plug valvewhich controls the outflow of the molten metal from the nozzle, and

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are detached views of parts of the machine not fullyshown in the other views, Fig. 10 being on an enlarged scale.

The machine has a base plate 1, from which project upwardly four columns2, upon which is mounted a furnace casing 3 suitably lined withrefractory material and having within it a melting pot 4 for the metalor alloy of which the castings are to be made, said melting .potdepending into a combustion chamber 5 within the furnace and projectingthrough the bottom of the furnace, as shown in Fig. 3. The melting potextends above. the opening in the top of the furnace casing and has aprojecting flange whereby it is supported upon the top plate of thecasing, whereby the melting pot and the parts carried thereby can bereadily lifted from the furnace when desired or the pot can be asreadily reinserted into the furnace.

On each side of the furnace adjacent to the lower portion of the meltingpot is a burner 6, preferably having its inner end perforated so as toproject a series of flame jets against the lower portion of the meltingpot adjacent to the delivery nozzle of the same and thus maintain thisportion of the melting pot at such high temperature as to insure themelting of the metal and the maintenance of the same in such a fluidcondition that it can readily escape from the nozzle when the valve 7 islifted so as to open said nozzle. Waste products of commelting potthrough a chest 13 and through a passage 14 in the cover plate of saidmelting pot, flow through said chest 13 being permitted or prevented bythe operation of a valve 15 in the manner hereinafter described.

When agitation of the mass contained in the pot 4 is objectionable theair passage 14 discharges into a deflector 16 in the form of an invertedcup mounted upon a downwardly projecting boss on the pot cover so thatthe air is deflected upwardly against said cover before being permittedto flow downwardly toward the top of the mass in the lower portion ofthe pot, thereby preventing agitation of the surface of said mass bycontact of a forcible jet of air therewith. In the case of molten metalthis reduces the oxidation which would otherwise be caused, althoughoxidation may, if desired, be prevented by using instead of air some gaswhich will not have an oxidizing effect upon the metal. The melting potcover has therein an opening through which the metal can be introducedinto the pot,

. this opening being normally closed by a plug 17 held in position bymeans of a looking lever 18, as shown in Fig. 3.

The mold 20 in which the casting is to be made is mounted upon a hollowbase 21 and the latter is supported upon a bed 22 which is pivotallymounted adjacent to its corners upon the upper ends of links 23, thelatter being pivotally mounted at their lower ends upon a cross head 24which has a hub 25 fitted to a circular boss 26 projecting upwardly fromthe base 1, as shown in Fig. 3, said hub normally resting upon ashoulder of the base-"at the bottom-of the projecting stud. Below thebed 22 are a pair of bars 27 likewise mounted, by means of pivots 28,upon the .links 23 and thereby caused to move in planes parallel to theplane of movement of the bed 22 and at the same time to approach {andrecede from said bed, the

bars 27 being farthest removed from the I bed when the parts are in theposition shown in Fig. 2 with the mold in position to receive the moltenmetal from the melting pot, and occupying their closest relation to thebed 22 whenthe mold has been drawn to the front of the machine andlowered by the forward swing of the'links 23, as shown in Fig. -1.

by a. link 35 to an arm 36 011 a shaft 37, the

latter being mounted so as to be free to turn in a bearing in the base 1and being provided at one end with an operating lever 38.

The mold 20 has a core 40 carried by a stem 41 which has a head withside grooves therein, these grooves receiving side flanges on the head42 of a stem 43, the latter being guided so as to be free to movevertically in a depending stem 44 on the bed 22, as shown in Fig. 3,said stem 44 having on each side arack 45 one of these racks meshingwith a pinion 46 and the other with a pinion 47, said pinions beingcarried by shafts 46 and 47, which are free toturn in suitable hearingson opposite sides of the stem 44 of the bed 22,. as shown in Fig. 5. Inthe present instance the pinion shaft 46 is provided with a slotted arm48 coupled by means of a pin 49 to a slotted arm 50 hung upon one of thepivot pins 28 which carrythe bars 27, the result being that when thetable 22 and bars 27 are swung forwardly from the position shown in Fig.2 to that shown in Fig. 1, the arm 48 will be caused to swing rearwardlyand the pinion 46 will act upon its respective rack 45 sons to lower thestem 43 and consequently the stem of the core 20, and thereby withdrawthe latter from the casting contained in the mold, the 7 core beingagain projected into the mold as the latter is swung back into placebeneath the nozzle of the melting pot.

When it is desired to effect upward movement of the core during theforward swing of the mold and downward movement of said core during therearward swing of the mold, this can readily be accomplished by shiftingthe arm 48 from the shaft 46 to the shaft 47, the slotting of the arms48 and 50 permitting of this readjustment when it is desired. A

Mounted upon the bars 27 by means of legs 51 is across head 52 whichcarries a series of ejector pins 53, the latter projecting throughopenings in thebottom of the mold and serving. as the bars 27 approachthe bed 22 on the forward swing of the mold, to jectthe castingtherefrom, such ejector pinsdropping as the bars 27 move away from thebed 22 on thebackward swing of.

the mold carrier; Similarly mounted by .means of legs 54 up0n-the-bars27are rails 55 which support the pouring plate 56 of the mold, said platehaving formed therein the gates through which the nozzle of the meltingpot communicates with the interior of the mold, as shown in Fig. Theplate 56 is free to move back and forth on the rails 55 and suchmovement is automatically effected as the moldcarrier swings from oneposition to the other, by the means shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, onreference to which it will be noted that the plate 56 has, projectingfrom each side of it a pin 57 which, during the backward swing of themold carrier, contacts with an arm 58 depending from the base plate ofthe furnace 3, thereby moving the cap plate 56 forwardly on the rails 55and into a position directly above the mold 20, as shown in Fig. 2,suitable stop lugs on the rails 55 preventing undue forward movement ofsaid cap plate by momentum. As the mold carrier swings forwardly thepins 57 contact with posts 2 and move the plate 56 rearwardly on therails 55 so as to free it from the mold,

as shown in Fig. 1.

At the same time that the plate 56 is moved forwardly into positionabove the mold the rails 55 are lowered by reason' of the separation ofthe bars 27 from the bed 22 so as. to deposit the plate upon the top ofthe mold, and, as the mold carrier swings forwardly and the plate 56 ismoved rearwardly, it .is, at the same time, lifted from the top of themold by reason of the raising of the rails 55 due to the approach of thebars 27 toward the bed 22.

In moving from the casting position to the delivering position the moldswings forwardly and downwardly and in moving from the delivering to thecasting position it swings backwardly and upwardly, and when the plate56 of the mold reaches its final position under the nozzle of themelting pot it bears lightly against the same. In order to preventescape of metal between the bottom of the nozzle and the top of thepouring plate of the mold a tight joint is required, and in order toinsure such tight joint. a slight vertical lift is imparted to the moldand its pouring plate after they reach their proper position beneath thenozzle, such movement being effected by means of a cam 60 (Fig. 10) onthe shaft 37, this cam, as the lever 38 approaches its position of rest,acting upon a ball 61 at the lower end of a stem 62 which is free tomove vertically in the stud 26 of the base 1 and carries at its upperend a pairof nuts 63 which are adapted to a threaded upper portion ofthe stem 62 and can be adjusted vertically thereupon as desired, theuppermost of these nuts 63 contacting with the lower end of thedepending stem 14 on the bed 22 and serving to lift said bed and themold carried thereby so as to .jam the upper face of the plate 56 of themold firmlyagainst the base of the nozzle, such lift of the bed 22 beingpermitted by reason of the fact that the cross head 24 can rise upon thebase stud 26.

As the mold carrying bed 22 swings forwardly the weight of the same andof the parts carried thereby is counterbalanced by means of a weight 64mounted upon a lever 'tendant is protected from injury in the event ofthe escape of any molten metal under pressure from'between the meltingpot nozzle and the mold. The long arm of the lever 70 is connected by alink 72 to an arm 73 on a shaft 74:, the latter being mounted so as tobe free to turn in a bearing on the top of the furnace and having at itsinner end a clutch 75 whereby it is engaged with the end of the plugvalve 15 which controls the flow of air through the chest 13 On the topof the melting pot, as shown in Fig. 3.

The short arm of the lever 70 has a pin 76 which travels in a slottedlink 77 depending from a forked arm 78 on a rock shaft 79,

the latter being mounted so as to befree to turn in suitable bearings onthe top of the furnace and having secured to it a lever 80 (see Figs. 8and 9) this lever having two oppositely projecting arms 80" and 80", thearm 80 serving as a means whereby the lever may be operatedindependently of the lever 70, when desired, and the arm 80 being forkedtoembrace the valve rod 7 and engage with a collar 81 thereon. Aweighted arm 82 on the lever 70 tends to retain said lever in theposition shown in Fig. 1 and to return it to that position after it hasbeen moved therefrom to the position shown in Fig. 2.

The shield 71 is mounted by means of links 83 upon a pair of pivotedarms 84, one on each side of the machine so that it is free to rise andfall, and the arm 84 at one side of the machine is connected by a link85 to the arm 73 on the air valve operating shaft 74, whereby movementof the lever 7U from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig.2 effects the movement of the air controlling valve 15 from the closedto the open position and simultaneously lowers the shield 71 from theposition shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 2, the final result ofthe forward movement of the lever 7 0 being to effect the opening of themetal controlling valve 7 by reason of contact of the pin 76 with thelink 7 7 at the lower end of the slot therein, as shown in Fig. 2. Assoon as the by a spring 86 interposed between the collar.

81. on the valve rod and a bracket 87 projecting from the valve chest13, as shown in Fig. 3, further backward movement of the leverbeing theneflected by means of the weighted arm 82.

When the lever 70 is in theposition shown in Fig. 1, its lower endenters a slot 88 in the frame 32 and displaces from said slot the reararm of a lever 89 which is pivotally mounted upon said frame 32, theother arm of said lever 89 being forked to engage a pin 90 on the stemof a bolt 91 which is guided in a bearing on the frame 32 and, when themold is in position beneath the nozzle, engages an opening in the bed 22so as to lock the same and the mold in proper position beneath saidnozzle, projection of the bolt being effected by means of a coiledspring 92 which acts upon a collar '93'on the bolt, as shown in Fig. 4.

As soon, therefore, as the lower end of the arm 70 is withdrawn from theslot 88, in starting its movement from the position shown in Fig. 1 tothat shown in Fig. 2, and before movement of said lever has beensufficient to cause the opening of the air controlling valve 15 or themetal controlling valve 7, the reararm of the lever 89 has' beenpermitted to move into the slot 88 and the locking bolt 91 has beenprojected into engagement with the mold carrying bed 22 so as to lockthe mold in position beneath the nozzle. The lever 70 must be moved tothe inner end of the slot 88 before the mold can be lowered from thenozzle and moved forwardly by operation of the lever 38, and as soon asthe downward and forward movement of the mold carrier begins the lever70 is locked in position at the inner end of the slot 88 by means of abolt 94 which is free to slide in a bearing in the frame 32 and isnormally projected by means of a coiled spring 95 acting upon a collar96 on the-bolt, as shown in Fig. 4.

The rear end of the bolt 94 carries a'pin 97 which is engaged by theforked arm of a lever 98 pivotally mounted on the frame 32 and havinganother arm 99 which pro- 70 so that the latter can be withdrawn from.

the slot 88 and operated so as to open the air controlling valve 15 andmetal controlling valve 7.

It will therefore noted that the mold carrier is unlocked andsusceptible of forward movement only when the lever 70 oocupies aposition at thebase of its receiving slot 88 and that said lever islocked in this position at all' times except when the mold is in properposition beneath the 'noz zle to receive the molten metal therefrom.

An air pressure pipe 100 has a valved branch 101 with depending flexibleconnection 102 having a nozzle 103, the stem 'of the valve in saidbranch 101 being operated so as to open the valve by means of a lever104 and a depending cordl05 whereby the nozzle 103 can be caused by theattendant to direct a jet of air into the open mold, w'henthe latter isin the position shown in Fig. 1, in order to clear said mold from anysmall flakes or pieces of metal which may have remained therein afterthe casting has been ejected therefrom.

The melting pot is equipped with an air pressure gage 106 and with anelectric pyrometer 107, thelatter communicating with a thermal couple108 which is subjected to the heat of the molten metal in the meltingpot 4, and in order that this may be conveniently effected withoutinjury to said thermal couple the latter is contained within andprotected by the hollow metal-controlling valve 7, as shown in Fig. 7the flames imposed upon said curved lower portion of the pot aredirected downwardly around the nozzle, through the openingin the bottomof the furnace. chamber casing, the result being that the lower portionof the pot and nozzle are always maintained at a very high temperatureand the molten metal in this portion of the pot is at all times in afreely fluid condition so as to insure the quick filling of the moldwhen the While in general the machine will use molds made of metal, suchmolds are not necessary, as molds made of other material, even sand, maybe used in many cases.

I claim:

1. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a moldcarrier, means for moving the latter in a horizontal direction towardand away from the mold, and means for, at the same time, moving the moldcarrier in a vertical direction toward and from the mold. a

2. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a moldcarrier, and means for operating the same to move the mold in adirection transverse to the direction of discharge of metal from themold and, at the same time, in a direction parallel with the directionof discharge of metal from the mold.

3. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold carrier, and aparallel motion device for supporting the same, whereby, as it swingsforward and backward, it will at the same time move vertically.

4. The combination, in a casting machine, of a downwardly dischargingnozzle, a mold carrier, a support-therefor comprising a parallel motiondevice whereby the mold as it is moved in a'direction transverse to thedirection of discharge from the nozzle is also caused to move in adirection parallel with said discharge, a rock shaft having a crank armconnected to said parallel motion device so as to move the same, andmeans for rockingsaid shaft.

5. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a moldcarrier, means for moving the same so as to carry the mold into positionto receive the material from the nozzle and into position to deliver thecasting from the mold, an ejecting device movable with said mold, andmeans for withdrawing said ejecting device from the mold during thepresentation of the same to the nozzle and projecting so as to eject thecasting from the mold as the latter is moved from the nozzle toward thedelivering position and means whereby the movement of the mold is causedto effect movement of the ejector.

6. The combination, in a casting machine, of a delivery nozzle, a mold,means for moving the same into position to receive the molten metal fromthe nozzle and into osition to deliver the casting from the mo (1, acore mounted in and movable with the mold, and means dependent upon themovement of the mold for projecting said core into the mold as the sameis moved toward one position and withdrawing the core from the mold asthe same is moved toward the opposite position.

. 7. The combination, in a castmg machine, of a mold, means for movingthe same into position to receive the molten metal or into 7 position-todeliver the casting from the mold,

a slidingly mounted pouring plate for the 'mold, and means dependentupon the move me-nt of the mold for applying said plate to the mold asthe latter is moved'into-the casting position and for withdrawing theplate from the mold as the latter is moved to the delivering position.

8. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold, a sliding pouringplate therefor, supports for said sliding plate, and means for. raisingand lowering said supports.

9. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold, a sliding pouringplate therefor, supports for said sliding-plate, means for sliding saidplate back and forth on said supports, and means for raising saidsupports when the plate is moved thereon in one direction and forlowering said supports when the plate is moved. thereon in the oppositedirection. r

10. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold carrier, a parallelmotion support therefor, an ejector traveling with the same, and anejector support spaced apart from the mold carrier but mounted upon theparallel motion support therefor, whereby said support swings theejector carrier will be caused to move from and toward the mold carrier.

11. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold carrier, a parallelmotion support therefor, a cap for the mold, a support therefor, and acarrier for said mold cap support spaced apart from the mold tionsupport therefor, whereby as the mold carrier swings, the carrier forthe mold cap support w1ll be caused to move-from and .toward said moldcarrier.

12. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold having a core whichcan be projected into or withdrawn therefrom, a core-actuating stem, amovable mold carrier having a spur pinion which engages with a rack onsaid stem, and means whereby the movement of the mold carrier is causedto operate said pinion.

13. The combination, in a casting machine, of a mold having a core whichcan be projected into or withdrawn therefrom, a movable mold carrier, acore-actuating stem having racks thereon, pinions engaging said racks,and means whereby the movement of the mold carrier can be imparted toeither of said pinions to the exclusion of the other. 7

14. The combination, in 'a casting machine, of a mold, a mold carrierhaving a parallel motion support, bars mounted upon said parallel motionsupport but spaced apart from the mold carrier, an ejector device, andpins depending therefrom and resting upon said bars but free to moveback and forth over the faces of the same.

15. The combination, in a castmg machine, of a mold, a mold carrier, aparallel motion support for the latter, a air of bars mounted upon theparallel motion support but spaced apart from the mold carrier, asliding cap for the mold, and a support for said cap'having dependingpins which restupon said bars but are free to move back and forth acrossthe supporting faces of the same.

16. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a moldcarrier, means for moving the mold carrier into and out of positionbeneath the nozzle, a plunger for raising the mold carrier, a transverseshaft below the mold having a cam for acting upon said plunger, andmeans for partially rotating said shaft.

17. Thecombination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, a moldcarrier movable into and out of operative position beneaththe nozzle, aplunger for raising the mold carrier, a shaft having a cam for actingupon said plunger, means for actuatin said shaft, and means whereby saidshaft is also caused to move the mold carrier into and out of positionbeneath the nozzle.

18; The combination, in a casting ma-.

chine, of a discharge nozzle, a valve for governing the dischargetherefrom, an air supply controlling valve, an operating lever tendingto move said valves, and a lost motion connection between said lever andthe.

metal controlling valve whereby the air pressure valve will be openedbefore the opening of the metal controlling valve.

19. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle formolten metal, a valve seated in said nozzle for preventing discharge ofthe metal therefrom, a mold movable into and out of position beneathsaid nozzle, a screen movable into protective position during thecasting operation and able into protective position during the cast ing.operation and out of protective position while the casting is beingdischargedfrom the mold, a valve arm, a movable support for the screen,an operating lever, and connections between said lever and the valve armand screen support whereby movementboth of the screen and of the aircontrolling valve is efiected by said. lever.

21. The combination, in a casting machme, of a discharge nozzle, a valvefor controllin the discharge therefrom, a screen movi ab e into'andout-of protective position ing said screen and metal controlling valve,

and a lost motion connection between said lever and the metalcontrolling valve where'- 1 by the screen will be moved into protectiveposition before the-opening of the valve.

22. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, avalve for governing the discharge from said nozzle, a valve forgoverning the admission of air under pressure to the material ofwhichthe casting is to be made, a screen movable into and out of protectiverelation to said nozzle, an operating lever common to saidmetalcontrolling valve, air-controlling valve, and screen, and a lostmotion connection between said lever and the metal-controlling valve,whereby the air valve will be opened and the screen adjusted toprotective position before the opening of the metal-controlling valve.

23. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, amold, a carrier therefor, means for moving the same into position toapply the mold to the nozzle, a discharge controlling valve, a-lever foroperating the same, means for locking said lever, and means whereby theapplication of the mold to the nozzle is caused to release said lockingdevice.

24'. The combination, in a casting inachine, of a discharge nozzle,a'valve for controlling the flow from said nozzle, a mold for receivingthe material from said nozzle, means for moving the mold into chargingposition, a locking device for retaining the mold in that position, anda lever for operating the discharge controlling valve, said lever actingupon the mold locking device to release the same, and bearing suchrelation to said mold locking device that in order to release the sameit must first be moved into position to close the discharge controllingvalve.

25. The'combination, in a casting ma chine, of a discharge nozzle, avalve for controlling the discharge therefrom, a lever for actuatingsaid valve, a slotted seat for said lever, means for moving the moldinto position beneath the discharge nozzle, and a locking device forsaid mold having as an element a lever which projects into the seat forthe valve-operating lever and is displaced when said lever enters itsseat.

26. The combination, in a casting machine, of a discharge nozzle, avalvefor governing the discharge-therefrom, a lever for actuating saidvalve, a mold for receiving the material from said nozzle, a device for'locking said mold when it is in the charging position, a device forlocking the valve operating lever when the valveis closed, and meanswhereby the position of the meld locking device is dependent upon theposition of said valve op'erating lever and the position of the lockingdevice for the latter is dependent upon the position of the mold.

27. A casting machine comprising a receptacle containing molten metal, adie or mold, means controlling the flow of com- 'pressed air into saidreceptacle, another means controlling the flow of molten metal under thepressure of the compressed air into said die or mold, a shield at oneside of said receptacle, and a lever mechanism for ALBERT W. MORRIS.

Witnesses:

KATE A. BEADLE, HAMILTON D. TURNER.

